This invention describes a method for diagnosing problems in complex systems, such as lithography machines. It works by analyzing all the different events occurring within the system to determine which events cause others. A computer system then identifies specific patterns of cause-and-effect, called "directed cycles," and uses these patterns to classify the root cause of a fault condition. The claims focus on this specific approach to fault classification.
Why it matters: Filed in 2016, this invention predates the significant advancements in causal AI and explainable AI (XAI) that have emerged in the last decade. Modern machine learning frameworks and increased computational power make it much more feasible to implement sophisticated causal inference algorithms and identify complex "directed cycles" in real-time system data, which was a more specialized and computationally intensive task in 2016.
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